Foreign Ministers from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) attended talks on 19 December in Burma/Myanmar to discuss ongoing counterinsurgency operations in Arakan/Rakhine state that have targeted the country’s Muslim Rohingya minority. Combined military and police operations have resulted in tens of thousands of civilians fleeing to neighboring states, including Bangladesh, Malaysia and China. An unknown number of civilians have been killed. On 4 December Malaysia’s Prime Minister Najib Razak alleged that Burma/Myanmar was perpetrating “genocide” against the Rohingya. During Monday’s meeting Malaysia reportedly urged the creation of an independent ASEAN-led investigation into widespread reports of mass arrests, rape and extrajudicial killings of Rohingya, as well as the systematic destruction of mosques and Rohingya villages.